In February of 1917, St. Petersburg became a city of strikes and demonstrations. The city became used to the petitions but in late February, soldiers joined the protesters and held signs that said, 󄯷n with the Tsarist Government!í±�í³„own with the War!í±�í³Œong live the Second Revolution!í±€í¿® February 26, the tsarò³ °olice machine-gunned all the protesters in the streets that were in front of the Winter Palace. Fights continued until the 28th. 31 Finally, on March 15th, Nicholas was forced to abdicate the throne. He didnò´ ¨ave any support from his people or his army so his decision was final. 32 After Nicholas abdicated, his brother, Grand Duke Mikhail had the chance to become tsar but the idea to continue the Romanov dynasty was not an honor so he didnò´ ¡ccept. A year later Nicholas and his family were brutally assassinated by the Bolshevik party. 33

The End of The Provisional Government and the Kerensky revolution

Vladimir Lenin was the leader of the Bolshevik party, which later became known as the Communist Party. Lenin tried persuading people to be a part of his party with the slogan, 󌡮d, Peace, and Bread!í±€í¸©s beliefs wanted total dictatorship over the country and provided everyone with jobs and equal land ownership. Millions of people followed these beliefs because they were more attractive than their provisional government. 36 On October 25, 1917 the Socialist Revolution, also known as the Kerensky Revolution, began. 37 The Bolsheviks, who seized power, signed peace treaties with all the central powers in 1918. The Communists dropped Russia out of W.W.I. because the Russo-army was tired of harsh fighting for the past three years. After they dropped out of the war, the Communist party decided to pick its party colors. They picked the color red because it symbolized the European Revolutionary system; this became the official Communist Symbol. 38
For many years Communism was Russiaò³ ¬eading form of government, the country influenced many other countries to establish their beliefs within other countries governments. Some of these countries include China, North Vietnam, North Korea, and Cuba. Today Communism is a very unpopular form of government. Russia became known as the Soviet Union and in 1991 democracy overthrew the government. 39

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Interview with Chris Johnson, pet-lover and entrepreneur

"Animal Rights Activism in the 21st Century," an editorial by Marg Williams

"On the Structure of the Modern Nonprofit Agency," an essay by Mark Smith

Organization News

Our organization welcomes Palmer Berry to the staff.

A new session of the animal awareness training class begins April 22nd.